Costos de las diversas modalidades posoperatorias de la colecistectomía laparoscópica. Cooperativa Médica de Florida (COMEF), 2016-2021 / Cost effectivenes of the different postoperative management modalities in laparoscopic cholecystectomy Florida Medical Cooperative (COMEF) 2016-2021 / Custos das várias modalidades pós-operatórias do colecistectomia laparoscópica. Cooperativa Médica da Flórida (COMEF). 2016-2021

Introducción: la colecistectomía laparoscópica constituye el patrón oro en el tratamiento de la litiasis biliar. Bajo una estricta selección de pacientes, la modalidad ambulatoria ha demostrado ser factible y segura. En COMEF se realiza desde el año 2016. El posoperatorio transcurrió por diferentes etapas, internación en cuidados moderados, internación en sala de cirugía del día más internación domiciliaria, internación únicamente en sala de cirugía del día y finalmente alta domiciliaria desde block quirúrgico. El objetivo del trabajo es calcular los costos de cada una de las modalidades posoperatorias de la colecistectomía laparoscópica en el período 2016-2021. Materiales y método: se realizó un estudio de costos de cada una de las modalidades posoperatorias mediante la determinación del costo del día cama ocupada en cuidados moderados e internación domiciliaria, así como la retribución de un auxiliar de enfermería encargado de la sala de cirugía del día. Los datos fueron obtenidos de la Estructura de Costos de Atención a la Salud y la producción de cada servicio. Resultados: el costo del día cama ocupada en cuidados moderados es de $15.056, el de internación en sala de cirugía del día y luego internación domiciliaria $4.953,69, únicamente en sala de cirugía del día $807,69 y finalmente el alta domiciliaria desde block quirúrgico $33. Conclusiones: los costos del posoperatorio de la colecistectomía laparoscópica en modalidad ambulatoria son menores que los que requieren internación en cuidados moderados, y dichos costos se reducen progresivamente cuando se pasa de la internación domiciliaria al alta sin internación domiciliaria y sin recuperación en sala de cirugía del día.

Introduction: laparoscopic cholecystectomy constitutes the gold standard to treat gallstones. Ambulatory treatment has proved to be feasible and safe for carefully selected patients. At COMEF, laparoscopic cholecystectomies have been performed since 2016, and postoperative management has covered different stages: intermediate care during hospitalization, admission in day surgery units plus home care or home admissions, hospitalization in day surgery units and discharge directly after surgery, directly from the ER. The study aims to calculate the cost of each one of the different postoperative management modalities for laparoscopic cholecystectomies between 2016 and 2021. Method: a cost study was conducted for each one of the postoperative management modalities by calculating the cost of the hospital bed day in intermediate care and house care, as well as the salary of the nurses' staff at the day surgery unit. Data was obtained from the Healthcare Services Cost Structure and the production of each one of the services mentioned. Results: the daily bed day cost in intermediate care is $ 15,056, the daily cost of day surgery unit plus home care afterwards is $ 4,953.69, the cost of surgery admission in the day surgery unit is $ 807.69 and discharge directly from the OR is $ 33. Conclusions: the postoperative cost of ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy is lower than that requiring interaction in intermediate care and these costs are progressively reduced when moving from home care with and without interaction upon discharge towards no recovery in the day surgery unit.

Introdução: a colecistectomia laparoscópica é o padrão ouro no tratamento da litíase biliar. Com uma rigorosa seleção de pacientes, a modalidade ambulatorial tem se mostrado viável e segura. Na COMEF é realizada desde 2016, com o pós-operatório passando por diferentes etapas: internação em cuidados moderados, internação na sala de cirurgia do dia mais internação domiciliar, internação apenas na sala de cirurgia no dia e finalmente alta domiciliar do bloco cirúrgico. Objetivo: calcular os custos de cada uma das modalidades pós-operatórias de colecistectomia laparoscópica no período 2016-2021. Materiais e método: foi realizado um estudo dos custos de cada uma das modalidades pós-operatórias determinando o custo do dia de leito ocupado em cuidados moderados e internação atendimento domiciliar, bem como a remuneração de um auxiliar de enfermagem responsável pela cirurgia do dia. Os dados foram obtidos da Estrutura de Custos de Assistência à Saúde e da produção de cada serviço. Resultados: o custo do leito de dia ocupado em cuidados moderados, em é de $ 15.056, a hospitalização na sala de cirurgia de dia e depois internação domiciliar $ 4.953,69, apenas na sala da cirurgia de dia $ 807,69 e finalmente alta domiciliar do bloco cirúrgico $ 33 (valores em pesos uruguaios). Conclusões: os custos pós-operatórios da colecistectomia laparoscópica na modalidade ambulatorial são menores do que aqueles que requerem interação em cuidados moderados e são progressivamente reduzidos quando passa da internação em casa à alta sem interação em casa e sem recuperação na sala de cirurgia no dia.

La hernia umbilical en régimen de cirugía mayor ambulatoria: procedimiento seguro y de menor coste / Umbilical hernia in major outpatient surgery: safe and lower-cost procedure

Introducción: La cirugía mayor ambulatoria (CMA) constituye una estrategia coste-efectiva comparada con la cirugía tradicional, al resolver el procedimiento quirúrgico sin comprometer la calidad de la atención ni la seguridad del paciente. Objetivo: Demostrar que la cirugía abierta de la hernia umbilical en régimen de CMA es un procedimiento seguro y de menor coste. Para ello realizamos un estudio de los factores de riesgo de ingreso no previsto en pacientes intervenidos de hernia umbilical en nuestro servicio, durante cuatro años. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de 478 pacientes consecutivos intervenidos durante los años 2015 a 2018. Se revisaron las historias electrónicas de los pacientes y se creó una base de datos para el estudio de los resultados. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística para analizar el factor de riesgo de ingreso no previsto por edad, sexo, antecedentes personales, índice de masa corporal, ASA del paciente, tipo de reparación, tamaño del defecto, utilización de prótesis, causa del ingreso no previsto y complicaciones. Resultados: Edad media 48,1 ± 13 años con un índice de hospitalización global del 8,8 %. Hombres 319 (66,7 %) y mujeres 159 (33,3 %) con una tasa de ingresos no previstos del 6,9 % y 12,6 %, respectivamente ( p = 0,039). El análisis estadístico demostró que no se incrementa el riesgo de ingreso no previsto con la edad (0,678). El riesgo de hospitalización fue 2,78 veces mayor en las mujeres que en los hombres ( p = 0,005). Los pacientes ASA II tienen un riesgo de hospitalización 6,49 veces superior a los pacientes con ASA I (0,021) (AU)

Introducción: La cirugía mayor ambulatoria (CMA) constituye una estrategia coste-efectiva comparada con la cirugía tradicional, al resolver el procedimiento quirúrgico sin comprometer la calidad de la atención ni la seguridad del paciente. Objetivo: Demostrar que la cirugía abierta de la hernia umbilical en régimen de CMA es un procedimiento seguro y de menor coste.To this end, we conducted a study of the risk factors for unforeseen admission in patients operated on for umbilical hernia in our service, for four years. Material and methods: Retrospective observational study of 478 consecutive patients operated on during the years 2015 to 2018. Electronic patient records were reviewed and a database was created for the study of outcomes. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factor for unplanned admission by age, sex, personal history, body mass index, patient ASA, type of repair, defect size, use of prostheses, cause of unplanned admission and complications. Results: Mean age 48.1 ± 13 years with an overall hospitalization rate of 8.8 %. Males 319 (66.7%) and females 159 (33.3%) with an unforeseen income rate of 6.9% and 12.6%, respectively (p = 0.039). Statistical analysis showed that the risk of unplanned admission does not increase with age (0.678) The risk of hospitalization was 2.78 times higher in women than in men (p = 0.005). ASA II patients have a 6.49-fold higher risk of hospitalization than patients with ASA I (0.021). A greater number of admissions was found in patients operated on with general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia, compared to those operated with local anesthesia and sedation or with a laryngeal mask (p = 0.000). Major outpatient surgery was cheaper than surgery with admission, between 45-52%, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.000) (AU)

Cirugía mayor ambulatoria ginecológica en el Hospital San José de Parral / Major outpatient gynecological surgery at the San Jose de Parral Hospital

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate initial results of a ambulatory major surgery program in Gynecology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective, descriptive study of the period March 2018 to June 2019. The interventions included were: surgical sterilizations via vaginal, minilap and laparoscopic, diagnostic laparoscopy, laparoscopic cyst or anexectomy, hysteroscopy, TOT, vaginal plasty, biopsy curettage, polypectomy, extraction of IUD under anesthesia, labiaplasty, and removal of transobsturatrix tape. Quality indicators such as suspension, readmissions and systemic and surgical complications have been analyzed. RESULTS: 136 patients were operated by CMA of which 43 were laparoscopic (31.6%), 55 patients vaginally (40.4%), 34 histeroscopy (25%) and 4 patients by minilap (3%)There were 4 minor and late complications (2.9%) that corresponded to operative wound infection in vaginal plasty and nymphoplasty, a dysfunctional TOT tape that had to be removed in a mediated manner and a PIP post surgical sterilization via vaginal route. CONCLUSIONS: Gynecological ambulatory major surgery is feasible to perform in a hospital of medium complexity with a low percentage of minor complications in this study.

Evaluation of patient safety and satisfaction in a program of ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy program with expanded criteria. / Evaluación de la seguridad y satisfacción de los pacientes en un programa de colecistectomía laparoscópica ambulatoria con criterios expandidos.

INTRODUCTION: The good results obtained with the implementation of ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy programs have led to the expansion of the initial inclusion criteria. The main objective was to evaluate the results and the degree of satisfaction of the patients included in a program of laparoscopic cholecystectomy without admission, with expanded criteria. METHODS: Observational study of a cohort of 260 patients undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy between April 2013 and March 2016 in a third level hospital. We classified the patients into 2groups based on compliance with the initial inclusion criteria of the outpatient program. Group I (restrictive criteria) includes 164 patients, while in group ii (expanded criteria) we counted 96 patients. We compared the surgical time, the rate of failures in ambulatory surgery, rate of conversion, reinterventions and mortality and the satisfaction index. RESULTS: The overall success rate of ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy was 92.8%. The most frequent cause of unexpected income was for medical reasons. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2groups for total surgery time, the rate of conversion to open surgery and the number of major postoperative complications Do not demostrate differences in surgical time, nor in the number of perioperative complications (major complications 1,2%), or the number of failures in ambulatory surgery, nor the number of readmissions between both groups. There was no death. 88.5% of patients completed the survey, finding no differences between both groups in the patient satisfaction index. The overall score of the process was significantly better in group ii(P=.023). CONCLUSIONS: Ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe procedure with a good acceptance by patients with expanded criteria who were included in the surgery without admission program.

Cirugía mayor ambulatoria y de corta estadía en el tratamiento del paciente con hernia abdominal externa / Major ambulatory and short-stay surgery in the treatment of the patient with abdominal external hernia

Introducción: la operación del paciente por el método ambulatorio es la forma más antigua de cirugía que conocemos. Objetivo: valorar el impacto de la cirugía mayor ambulatoria y de corta estadía en pacientes con enfermedad herniaria en el Centro de Diagnóstico Integral La Paragua de Ciudad Bolívar (Venezuela). Material y Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo-descriptivo en una muestra aleatoria simple que comprendió a 79,9 por ciento de los pacientes intervenidos por presentar alguna enfermedad herniaria en el Centro de Diagnóstico Integral, durante el período comprendido desde el 1ro. de enero hasta el 31 de diciembre del 2008. Se incluyeron en la muestra 123 pacientes quienes fueron incluidos en la modalidad ambulatoria o de corta estadía. Resultados: en el estudio predominaron los pacientes del sexo masculino, las hernias umbilicales, las intervenciones electivas y la utilización de la anestesia local. Las complicaciones representaron 9,76 por ciento. No se produjeron muertes ni reingresos. Las opiniones de pacientes y familiares sobre el método y el seguimiento fueron buenas en un porcentaje superior a 95 por ciento en todos los casos. Conclusiones: la cirugía mayor ambulatoria y de corta estadía en pacientes con enfermedad herniaria contribuyó a la prestación de un servicio de calidad y a alcanzar elevados niveles de satisfacción en pacientes y familiares(AU)

Introduction: surgery by the ambulatory method is the oldest type of surgery known.Objective: we intend to assess the impact of Major ambulatory and short-stay surgery on patients that suffered from hernia admitted at the Integral Diagnostic Center La Paragua located in Bolívar City (Venezuela). Material and methods: a descriptive prospective study was carried out in a random sample made by 79.9 percent of the patients operated for suffering some hernia assisting to the Integral Diagnostic Center from January 1st to December 31st, 2008. Final sample was constituent by 123 patients which were included in the ambulatory or short-stay modality during this period of time. Results: the patients of the masculine sex, umbilical hernias, and surgeries of elective character and with local anesthesiaprevailing, complications represented the 9.76 percent. Neitherdeath nor re admittance appeared in operated patients. The opinions of patients and relatives about the method and follow up were good in more than 95 percent of all operated patients. Conclusions: major ambulatory and short-stay surgery in patients suffering from hernia contributed to offer a quality service and reach elevated levels of satisfaction in patients and their relatives(AU)

Resultados en cirugía mayor ambulatoria en otorrinolaringología realizada en un hospital de baja complejidad / Results in major ambulatory surgery in otorhinolaryngology performed in a hospital of low complexity

Introducción: La cirugía mayor ambulatoria confiere al sistema sanitario un modelo de gestión eficiente y de alta calidad. Objetivo: Conocer los resultados de la cirugía mayor ambulatoria en otorrinolaringología (ORL) en un hospital de baja complejidad. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo realizado en el Hospital Santo Tomás de Limache entre los años 2004 y 2009. La inclusión de pacientes sometidos a cirugía otorrinolaringológica bajo la modalidad de cirugía mayor ambulatoria. Se realizó análisis descriptivo en base a promedios, desviación estándary proporciones. En análisis bivariado, se emplearon las pruebas de chi cuadrado y t-student. Resultados: Se incorporó 815 pacientes. El 58% fue de sexo masculino, con edad promedio de 8,4 ±6,2 años. La adenoamigdalectomía sola o asociada a otras cirugías se efectuó en 54,2(0)% de los casos. La tasa de complicaciones posoperatorias fue de 1,22 %, la mitad de ella, la hemorragia. No hubo mortalidad. No se encontró asociación estadística entre la presencia de complicaciones y alguna variable en particular. Conclusiones: En pacientes de otorrinolaringología seleccionados, la cirugía mayor ambulatoria efectuada en un hospital de baja complejidad tiene buenos resultados, con una baja tasa de complicaciones.

Background: Major ambulatroy surgery provide to public health and efficient and high quality model. Aim: To know teh results in patient underwent Otorrinolaringologic surgery in a low complexity hospital. Material and method: Date from 815 who underwent Otorrinolaringologic surgery carried on a major ambulatory surgery basis in Hospital Santo Tomás de Limache, between 2004 and 2009 where retrospectively reviewed. Analysed date included sex, age, type of conducted surgery, type of complications and the period of time in which patients were discharged. Averages, standard deviation and proportions were used. In bivariate analysis, chi square and t-student were used. Results: 58% of enrolled patients were males with age average of 8.4 ±6.2 years. Adenotonsillectomy single or associated to other surgeries took place in 54,2% of the cases. The rate ofpostoperation side effects was 1.22%%, And half of these patient presented postoperatory bleeding. There was no mortality. There was not statistical association between the presence of complications and some variable in particular. Conclusions: Major ambulatory surgery In selected patients who need otorrinolaringologic surgery in a low complexity hospital is safe whith low rate of complication.

Resultados en cirugía mayor ambulatoria en otorrinolaringología realizada en un hospital de baja complejidad / Results in major ambulatory surgery in otorhinolaryngology performed in ahospital of low complexity

Introducción: La cirugía mayor ambulatoria confiere al sistema sanitario un modelo de gestión eficiente y de alta calidad. Objetivo: Conocer los resultados de la cirugía mayor ambulatoria en otorrinolaringología (ORL) en un hospital de baja complejidad. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo realizado en el Hospital Santo Tomás de Limache entre los años 2004 y 2009. La inclusión de pacientes sometidos a cirugía otorrinolaringológica bajo la modalidad de cirugía mayor ambulatoria. Se realizó análisis descriptivo en base a promedios, desviación estándar y proporciones. En análisis bivariado, se emplearon las pruebas de chi cuadrado y t-student. Resultados: Se incorporó 815 pacientes. El 58% fue de sexo masculino, con edad promedio de 8,4±6,2 años. La adenoamigdalectomía sola o asociada a otras cirugías se efectuó en 54,2%% de los casos. La tasa de complicaciones posoperatorias fue de 1,22%%, la mitad de ella, la hemorragia. No hubo mortalidad. No se encontró asociación estadística entre la presencia de complicaciones y alguna variable en particular. Conclusiones: En pacientes de otorrinolaringología seleccionados, la cirugía mayor ambulatoria efectuada en un hospital de baja complejidad tiene buenos resultados, con una baja tasa de complicaciones.

Introduction: Major ambulatory surgery provide to public health and efficient and high quality model. Aim: To know the results in patient underwent Otorrinolaringologic surgery in a low complexity hospital. Material and methods: Retrospective descritive study. Date from 815 who underwent Otorrinolaringologic surgery carried on a major ambulatory surgery basis in Hospital Santo Tomás de Limache, between 2004 and 2009 where retrospectively reviewed. Analysed date included sex, age, type of conducted surgery, type of complications and the period of time in which patients were discharged. Averages, standard deviation and proportions were used. In bivariate analysis, chi square and t-student were used. Results: 58% of enrolled patients were males with age average of 8.4±6.2 years. Adenotonsillectomy single or associated to other surgeries took place in 54.2% of the cases. The rate of postoperation side effects was 1.22%, And half of these patient presented postoperatory bleeding. There was no mortality. There was not statistical association between the presence of complications and some variable in particular. Conclusions: Major ambulatory surgery In selected patients who need otorrinolaringologic surgery in a low complexity hospital is safe with low rate of complication.

Cirugía mayor ambulatoria en pacientes con apendicitis aguda / Ambulatory major surgery in patients with acute appendicitis

Se hizo un estudio descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo de los 285 pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de apendicitis aguda, predominantemente del sexo masculino, atendidos en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Provincial Dr Joaquín Castillo Duany de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero del 2003 hasta diciembre del 2008, a fin de precisar la efectividad de la cirugía mayor ambulatoria en ellos. La afección primó en el grupo etáreo de 15-30 años y se aplicaron las técnicas quirúrgicas convencional o laparoscópica, con el uso de anestesia general orotraqueal en todos los integrantes de la casuística. El diagnóstico preoperatorio se realizó precozmente en 80,7 por ciento de la serie (antes de las 6 horas), con primacía de la apendicitis catarral como forma anatomopatológica. No hubo complicaciones graves, por lo cual la recuperación de los operados fue buena antes de las 24 horas de haber sido intervenidos. Dicha modalidad terapéutica resultó ventajosa para los pacientes y la institución

A descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study of 285 patients with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis, predominantly of the male sex, assisted in the Service of General Surgery of Dr Joaquín Castillo Duany Provincial Hospital from Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January, 2003 to December, 2008, in order to specify the effectiveness of the ambulatory major surgery in them. The affection prevailed in the 15-30 age group and the conventional or laparoscopic surgical techniques were applied, with the use of general orotracheal anesthesia in all the patients of the case material. The preoperative diagnosis was early carried out in 80,7 per cent of the series (before the 6 hours), with predominance of the catarrhal appendicitis as pathological form . There were not serious complications, reason why the recovery of those operated was good before the 24 hours of their surgical treatment. This therapeutic modality was advantageous for the patients and for the institution

Cirugía mayor ambulatoria en un grupo básico de trabajo / Ambulatory major surgery in a basic group of work

La Cirugía Mayor Ambulatoria se refiere a operaciones realizadas en pacientes sin admisión hospitalaria con retorno al hogar antes de las 24h, independientemente del tipo de anestesia empleada. Objetivo: conocer las características generales de la aplicación de la Cirugía Mayor Ambulatoria en el Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Amalia Simoni y estimular a que se aumente su empleo en pacientes que vivan alejados de la capital provincial. Método: se realizó estudio descriptivo longitudinal prospectivo en un grupo básico de trabajo del servicio de Cirugía General de este centro en el período comprendido entre septiembre de 2007 y agosto de 2008. La información se obtuvo de las microhistorias de los pacientes. Se procesó en microcomputadora IBM mediante el paquete estadístico MICROSTAT. Resultados: predominaron los pacientes del sexo masculino, los comprendidos entre treinta y treinta y nueve años de edad y los procedentes del municipio Camagüey. El mayor número egresó en las primeras cinco horas. Conclusiones: no se presentaron complicaciones transoperatorias, quirúrgicas o anestésicas. Se empleó con mayor frecuencia el método anestésico local. Predominó la hernia inguinal en el sexo masculino y la salpingectomía en las mujeres.

The ambulatory major surgery refers to operations carried out in patients without hospital admission returning home before 24h, independently of the type of anesthesia used. Objective: to know the general characteristics of the application of the ambulatory major surgery in the Teaching Clinical Surgical Provincial Hospital “Amalia Simoni” and to stimulate their employment increases in patients that live far from the provincial capital. Method: a longitudinal prospective descriptive study in a basic group of work of the General Surgery service of this center was conducted from september 2007 to august 2008. The information was obtained of patients´clinical records. Data were processed in a microcomputer IBM by means of the statistical package MICROSTAT. Results: patients of the masculine sex predominated, those comprised between thirty and thirty nine years of age and the ones coming from Camagüey municipality prevailed. The biggest number discharged from hospital in the first five hours. Conclusions: they didn't show up transoperative, surgical or anesthetic complications. It was used with more frequency local anesthetic method. Inguinal hernia prevailed in the masculine sex and the salpingectomy in women.